Share of men and women who receive part or all of their wages at their main job unofficially, 2008–2020, %. Note: in 2008–2014 the question of wages at the main job is asked as follows: “What percentage of this money do you think was transferred officially, that is, taxes were paid from them?”. Since 2015, the question takes a more general form: “Do you think all this money was transferred officially?” Fluctuations in the distribution of answers may be associated with this change (before 2015, the question could cause more difficulty for respondents). In this regard, strictly speaking, the comparison of dynamics is correct for two intervals: 2008–2014 and 2015–2020; this applies to the results shown in Fig. 3 and 4 in tables 2 and 3. Source: author’s calculations based on HSE RLMS data.