Crude birth and general fertility rates among urban and rural population in European Russia in 1856-1913, %. Sources: (Military Statistical collection 1871: 53-67; Population movement... 1861-1916; Novoselsky 1916: 36-37; Report on … 1898-1916).

 
 
  Part of: Mironov BN (2022) Urban fertility in Russia in 1859-1913: on commencement of demographic transition. Population and Economics 6(2): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.6.e83642