Latest Articles from Population and Economics Latest 4 Articles from Population and Economics https://populationandeconomics.pensoft.net/ Thu, 28 Mar 2024 15:01:50 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://populationandeconomics.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from Population and Economics https://populationandeconomics.pensoft.net/ Individual insurance products: is there a real choice for Russians? https://populationandeconomics.pensoft.net/article/86059/ Population and Economics 7(1): 1-20

DOI: 10.3897/popecon.7.e86059

Authors: Svetlana V. Shchelokova, Vladimir A. Vertogradov

Abstract: The article analyzes the level of competition of insurance product offerings in the following four markets using the Russian market as an example: (1) life insurance, (2) accident and disease insurance, (3) voluntary health insurance and (4) pension insurance. The purpose of the study is to assess competitive dynamics in the insurance product markets during the period under review. Relevant data of the Expert Rating Agency for 2018-2021 were used as the study basis. The study methodology is based on the assessment of the competitive situation using the SV matrix, which is based on HTSV (level of differentiation within the dominant group) and CRSV (cumulative market share of the dominant group). The study shows that the Russian insurance market in 2018-2021 was quite diverse in terms of dominance. Most individual insurance products belong to the B4 quadrant of the SV matrix (a natural oligopoly), yet, the situation with the dominant group regarding types of insurance under study is significantly different, since the number of dominant players varies from 2 to 10, considerably affecting a real consumer choice, however, among the markets under study, there is none with low concentration or without a dominant group or dominant leader. In the VHI market, the choice is quite large, while the presence of a big dominant group of eight companies suggests formation of the two-tier companies. The top echelon sets quality standards and dominates by price, while other companies can compete with the leaders due to niche offerings and price factors. The pension insurance market is an example of a significantly reduced consumer choice: in 2018, it is in the RO quadrant with a relatively “weak” dominant group, while by 2021, a hardly differentiated oligopoly of 5 companies has been formed, controlling 95% of the market. Emerging players with the market and institutional opportunities similar to SOGAZ make significant changes in the market structure, as in the case of personal insurance market, wherein SOGAZ has absorbed the largest player, transferring the market from an oligopoly of seven companies to the actual dominance of the one.

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Research Article Mon, 27 Mar 2023 18:01:48 +0300
Fertility-Household Credit Burden Nexus at the Present Stage https://populationandeconomics.pensoft.net/article/76066/ Population and Economics 6(1): 36-61

DOI: 10.3897/popecon.6.e76066

Authors: Ilya N. Gurov, Elena Yu. Kulikova

Abstract: The article examines the relationship between fertility and household credit burden using data for 79 countries for the period from 1990 to 2019. The authors identify 9 patterns describing the mutual influence of fertility and household debt burden. The analysis of patterns shows that the presence of a significant positive impact of households’ mortgage debt burden on fertility in future periods may indicate both a direct causal relationship between the indicators and the adoption of conditional decisions on pregnancy planning prior to obtaining mortgage loans to improve housing conditions. The same is true for households’consumer credit burden, as well as for quantitative estimates of the impact of fertility growth on households’ debt burden in subsequent periods. The article shows that in developed and developing countries, the growth of the total fertility rate is positively associated with the subsequent dynamics of mortgage and consumer loans in relation to GDP. In developed countries, the growth of mortgage and consumer loans is positively associated with the subsequent fertility dynamics. In developing countries, an increase in mortgage loans is positively but insignificantly correlated with fertility in the following years, while an increase in consumer loans leads to an increase in fertility in the short term, and to its decrease in subsequent years. The results indicate that success in demographic policy aimed at increasing fertility will be accompanied by the growth of households’debt burden, and therefore in subsequent periods households will be forced to pay interest and repay the principal debt, which will reduce families’ ability to finance children’s education. In this regard, state programmes that provide free education and development of children should be conducted in parallel with the implementation of demographic policy aimed at increasing fertility.

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Research Article Thu, 31 Mar 2022 15:47:26 +0300
Influence of migration processes on the demographic development in the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug https://populationandeconomics.pensoft.net/article/65133/ Population and Economics 5(1): 90-97

DOI: 10.3897/popecon.5.e65133

Authors: Dmitry V. Pomazkin

Abstract: The article discusses the influence of migration on the development of demographic processes in the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The study shows that the current level of migration will lead to a decrease in the population due to the uneven sex and age structure of the population of the region. In this context, the author presents estimates of the number and costs of shift workers, that need to be attracted to compensate for the economically active population reduction.

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Research Note Wed, 21 Apr 2021 00:03:12 +0300
Coronavirus crisis and its effects on the economy https://populationandeconomics.pensoft.net/article/53295/ Population and Economics 4(2): 13-17

DOI: 10.3897/popecon.4.e53295

Authors: Oleg V. Buklemishev

Abstract: Unlike the global financial crisis of 2007-2009, the current economic turmoil turns to be more severe and lasting being aggravated by the epidemiological uncertainties. This fact is mainly due to the specifics of the crisis in terms of its main transmission channels (via demand, supply, finance and expectations) and its likely consequences, including technological shift, varying the direction and volume of trade flows, adjustments of structural proportions and relative prices and most of all – socio-cultural change bringing about the increased role of the state and de-globalization deepening. These post-crisis effects and the uncertain prospects of recovery are considered in the article.

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Research Article Wed, 22 Apr 2020 20:00:03 +0300